• Climate change adaptation, including risk assessment, transformational adaptation and existential risks.
• The intersection of climate change, conflict and migration.
• Climate change in the Sahel and Sahara, including past climates and adaptations in the Sahara and recent and contemporary climate change and variability in the Sahel.
• The archaeology of the Sahara and its relation to past environmental change.
• Climate change and the emergence of the first civilisations, and what this tells us about common narratives around civilisation and progress.
• Climate change impacts, vulnerability and climate justice, with a special focus on Western Sahara. 

I work as a researcher and consultant focusing on climate change adaptation. My research involves close collaboration with international colleagues in the fields of archaeology and development studies. A major focus of this work is on past climatic transitions, and what these can tell us about adaptation to rapid and severe climate change today. This work has combined geoarchaeological fieldwork in Libya and Western Sahara with desk-based research on climatic transitions in the 'long' 4th millennium BCE, between about 6400 and 5000 years ago. Much of this work has been untertaken in collaboration with my colleague Professor Joanne Clarke, an archaeologist in UEA's Shool of Art, Media and American Studies.

My research on adaptation overlaps with my consultancy work (though Garama 3C Ltd), which spans a range of topics including climate risk assessment, adaptation decision-making, 'transformational' adaptation to address existential risks, vulnerability and climate justice, and the intersection of climate change, conflict, migration and heritage.

I have a background in climate science and completed a PhD at UEA in 1999, on atmospheric dust and drought in the African Sahel.