The study will be based on community-wide quantitative inventories of plants (trees and woody lianas >5 cm in diameter at breast height), diurnal birds, and non-flying mammals at 30 spatially independent remnant riparian corridors and 10 riparian sites embedded within large tracts of continuous forest. As many as 10 plots will be sampled at each site, but this will unavoidably depend on corridor patch size. All sites will be pre-selected using a georeferenced 2006 Landsat image (positional error