A battery swapping service management system reliability-based design concerning station information delay

Since the long duration associated with traditional plug-in charging modes inevitably causes range anxiety to electric vehicle (EV) drivers, the battery swapping technology has emerged as a promising alternative. It thus becomes imperative to develop a reliable battery swapping service system, efficiently managing the large-scale energy replenishing demands from EVs. Firstly, this paper considers drivers' trip destination to minimize total trip duration, and the expense paid for battery swapping service to save users' service cost. By optimizing the requirement of battery swapping service during peak-price period, the expenditure for energy supplement can be reduced. Secondly, concerning in practice that the transmission delay is a crucial factor impacting the overall network and system reliability, this paper further investigates the impact of station information delay between the global controller and battery swapping stations (BSSs). By characterizing the delay into two types, namely, low and large delays, the scenario based on a known delay type are investigated. Thirdly, delay cases with multiple BSSs are also taken into account and a mixed decision-making method is developed. Finally, simulation results indicate the desirable performance of proposed scheme in satisfying user demand and alleviating impact of station information delay.