A hybrid approach of VIKOR and bi-objective integer linear programming for electrification planning in a disaster relief camp

In this paper, we provide a model which optimizes the allocation of electricity generation systems, in terms of their number and location, in a disaster relief camp. The objectives that this model takes into account are minimization of the total cost of the project and prioritization of those generation systems that perform favourably. Energy and specifically electricity plays an important role in the provision of essential needs like lighting, water purification, heating, ventilation and medical care for displaced people. Disaster relief camps are commonly considered as off-grid projects, so individual generation and control systems are the main means of electrification. To support decision makers in electrification planning for temporary and semi-temporary camps, we propose a bi-objective integer linear programming model. The performance evaluation of technologies such as fuel generators, wind turbines and solar panels is conducted with an MCDM (VIKOR) approach. The model is applied on a hypothetical but realistic map site with data regarding commercially available equipment. The better performance of solar panels regarding the evaluation criteria have made them the dominant applied source of renewable electricity generation system and together with application of micro-grids in the model they have proven to reduce the cost of generation significantly. However, installing fuel generators have been found necessary for facilities which can cause a remarkable damage in case of electricity interruption. The model is promising in helping relief aid agencies to design an electrification project with minimum cost and maximum utility.