TY - JOUR
T1 - A Neolithic expansion, but strong genetic structure, in the independent history of New Guinea
AU - Bergström, Anders
AU - Oppenheimer, Stephen J.
AU - Mentzer, Alexander J.
AU - Auckland, Kathryn
AU - Robson, Kathryn
AU - Attenborough, Robert
AU - Alpers, Michael P.
AU - Koki, George
AU - Pomat, William
AU - Siba, Peter
AU - Xue, Yali
AU - Sandhu, Manjinder S.
AU - Tyler-Smith, Chris
PY - 2017/9/15
Y1 - 2017/9/15
N2 - New Guinea shows human occupation since ~50 thousand years ago (ka), independent adoption of plant cultivation ~10 ka, and great cultural and linguistic diversity today. We performed genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping on 381 individuals from 85 language groups in Papua New Guinea and find a sharp divide originating 10 to 20 ka between lowland and highland groups and a lack of non–New Guinean admixture in the latter. All highlanders share ancestry within the last 10 thousand years, with major population growth in the same period, suggesting population structure was reshaped following the Neolithic lifestyle transition. However, genetic differentiation between groups in Papua New Guinea is much stronger than in comparable regions in Eurasia, demonstrating that such a transition does not necessarily limit the genetic and linguistic diversity of human societies.
AB - New Guinea shows human occupation since ~50 thousand years ago (ka), independent adoption of plant cultivation ~10 ka, and great cultural and linguistic diversity today. We performed genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping on 381 individuals from 85 language groups in Papua New Guinea and find a sharp divide originating 10 to 20 ka between lowland and highland groups and a lack of non–New Guinean admixture in the latter. All highlanders share ancestry within the last 10 thousand years, with major population growth in the same period, suggesting population structure was reshaped following the Neolithic lifestyle transition. However, genetic differentiation between groups in Papua New Guinea is much stronger than in comparable regions in Eurasia, demonstrating that such a transition does not necessarily limit the genetic and linguistic diversity of human societies.
U2 - 10.1126/science.aan3842
DO - 10.1126/science.aan3842
M3 - Article
VL - 357
SP - 1160
EP - 1163
JO - Science
JF - Science
SN - 0036-8075
IS - 6356
ER -