(ACH)²: Routing scheme to maximize lifetime and throughput of wireless sensor networks

Regarding energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), routing protocols are engaged in a playful manner suggesting a consciousness of high value. In this paper, we present away cluster heads (CHs) with adaptive clustering habit ((ACH) 2 ) scheme for WSNs. Our proposed scheme increases the stability period, network lifetime, and throughput of the WSN. The beauty of our proposed scheme is its away CHs formation, and free association mechanisms. The (ACH) 2 controls the CHs' election and selection in such a way that uniform load on CHs is ensured. On the other hand, free association mechanism removes back transmissions. Thus, the scheme operations minimize the over all energy consumption of the network. In subject to throughput maximization, a linear programming-based mathematical formulation is carried out in which the induced subproblem of bandwidth allocation is solved by mixed-bias resource allocation scheme. We implement (ACH) 2 scheme, by varying node density and initial energy of nodes in homogeneous, heterogeneous, reactive, and proactive simulation environments. Results justify its applicability.