TY - JOUR
T1 - AOA localization for vehicle-tracking systems using a dual-band sensor array
AU - Al-Sadoon, Mohammed Abdullah Ghali
AU - Asif, Rameez
AU - Al-Yasir, Yasir Ismael Abdulraheem
AU - Abd-Alhameed, Raed A.
AU - Excell, Peter S.
N1 - Publication history: Manuscript received May 7, 2019; revised January 10, 2020; accepted March 9, 2020. Date of publication May 14, 2020; date of current version August 4, 2020.
Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under Grant H2020-MSCA-ITN-2016 SECRET-722424 and in part by the Higher Committee for Education Development (HCED), Iraq.
PY - 2020/8
Y1 - 2020/8
N2 - The issue of asset tracking in dense environments where the performance of the global positioning system (GPS) becomes unavailable or unreliable is addressed. The proposed solution uses a low-profile array of antenna elements (sensors) mounted on a finite conducting ground. A compact-size sensor array of six electrically small dual-band omnidirectional spiral antenna elements was designed as a front end of a tracker to operate in the 402 and 837 MHz spectrum bands. For the lower band, a three-element superposition method is applied to support estimation of the angle of arrival (AOA), whereas all six sensors are employed for the higher band. A low complexity and accurate AOA determination algorithm is proposed, the projection vector (PV), and this is combined with the array mentioned. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is integrated with the PV technique to increase the estimation resolution. The system was found to be suitable for installation on the roof of vehicles to localize the position of assets. The proposed system was tested for the tracking of nonstationary sources, and then two scenarios were investigated using propagation modeling software: outdoor to outdoor and outdoor to indoor. The results confirm that the proposed tracking system works efficiently with a single snapshot.
AB - The issue of asset tracking in dense environments where the performance of the global positioning system (GPS) becomes unavailable or unreliable is addressed. The proposed solution uses a low-profile array of antenna elements (sensors) mounted on a finite conducting ground. A compact-size sensor array of six electrically small dual-band omnidirectional spiral antenna elements was designed as a front end of a tracker to operate in the 402 and 837 MHz spectrum bands. For the lower band, a three-element superposition method is applied to support estimation of the angle of arrival (AOA), whereas all six sensors are employed for the higher band. A low complexity and accurate AOA determination algorithm is proposed, the projection vector (PV), and this is combined with the array mentioned. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is integrated with the PV technique to increase the estimation resolution. The system was found to be suitable for installation on the roof of vehicles to localize the position of assets. The proposed system was tested for the tracking of nonstationary sources, and then two scenarios were investigated using propagation modeling software: outdoor to outdoor and outdoor to indoor. The results confirm that the proposed tracking system works efficiently with a single snapshot.
KW - Angle of arrival (AOA) estimation
KW - dual-band sensor array
KW - multipath propagation
KW - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)
KW - vehicle tracking
KW - wideband localization system
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85089808996&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TAP.2020.2981676
DO - 10.1109/TAP.2020.2981676
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85089808996
VL - 68
SP - 6330
EP - 6345
JO - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
JF - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
SN - 0018-926X
IS - 8
M1 - 9093137
ER -