TY - JOUR
T1 - BCG vaccination reduces risk of infection with Myobacterium tuberculosis as detected by gamma interferon release assay
AU - Eisenhut, Michael
AU - Paranjothy, Shantini
AU - Abubakar, Ibrahim
AU - Bracebridge, Sam
AU - Lilley, Mike
AU - Mulla, Rohinton
AU - Lack, Kay
AU - Chalkley, Denise
AU - McEvoy, Marian
PY - 2009/10/19
Y1 - 2009/10/19
N2 - AIMS: To investigate whether BCG vaccination, in addition to a reduction of active tuberculosis, leads to a reduction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection during an outbreak of tuberculosis.
METHODS: Pupils (n=199) of a Junior School exposed to a pupil with active pulmonary tuberculosis were screened using a gamma interferon release assay for detection of M. tuberculosis infection (ex vivo ELISPOT assay). Relative risk of M. tuberculosis infection and pulmonary tuberculosis associated with BCG vaccination were calculated and adjusted for exposure risk.
RESULTS: Twenty-nine percent of children with previous BCG vaccination had a reactive gamma interferon release assay compared with 47% of unvaccinated children (unadjusted RR 0.61, 95%CI 0.39, 0.96). The protective effect of BCG vaccination persisted following adjustment for other risk factors for infection like ethnicity and proximity to the source case reflected in membership of class and activity groups (corrected relative risk 0.26, 95%CI 0.09, 0.69 and risk reduction of 74%, 95%CI 31%, 91%). A higher proportion of unvaccinated children (11%) were diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis compared with 5% of vaccinated children (RR 0.51 95%CI 0.15, 1.70).
CONCLUSION: BCG vaccination was associated with a reduction of M. tuberculosis infection diagnosed by gamma interferon release assay testing in school children during a point source outbreak.
AB - AIMS: To investigate whether BCG vaccination, in addition to a reduction of active tuberculosis, leads to a reduction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection during an outbreak of tuberculosis.
METHODS: Pupils (n=199) of a Junior School exposed to a pupil with active pulmonary tuberculosis were screened using a gamma interferon release assay for detection of M. tuberculosis infection (ex vivo ELISPOT assay). Relative risk of M. tuberculosis infection and pulmonary tuberculosis associated with BCG vaccination were calculated and adjusted for exposure risk.
RESULTS: Twenty-nine percent of children with previous BCG vaccination had a reactive gamma interferon release assay compared with 47% of unvaccinated children (unadjusted RR 0.61, 95%CI 0.39, 0.96). The protective effect of BCG vaccination persisted following adjustment for other risk factors for infection like ethnicity and proximity to the source case reflected in membership of class and activity groups (corrected relative risk 0.26, 95%CI 0.09, 0.69 and risk reduction of 74%, 95%CI 31%, 91%). A higher proportion of unvaccinated children (11%) were diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis compared with 5% of vaccinated children (RR 0.51 95%CI 0.15, 1.70).
CONCLUSION: BCG vaccination was associated with a reduction of M. tuberculosis infection diagnosed by gamma interferon release assay testing in school children during a point source outbreak.
U2 - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.08.031
DO - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.08.031
M3 - Article
VL - 27
SP - 6116
EP - 6120
JO - Vaccine
JF - Vaccine
SN - 0264-410X
IS - 44
ER -
