Clinical Effectiveness of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2)for Lumbar interbody Fusion: Meta-analysis of Controlled Studies

Background: Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) may be used to replace the use of autologous bone graft in lumbar interbody fusion. This paper aims to provide an updated meta-analysis of research evidence on the efficacy of safety of the use of BMP-2 for lumbar interbody fusion. Methods: We systematically searched different databases to identify randomised (RCT) and non-randomised (non-RCT) controlled studies that compared BMP-2 and autograft (ABG) for lumbar interbody fusion. Risk of bias in primary studies and heterogeneity in meta-analyses were assessed. Random-effects model is used by default to pool results from individual studies. Results: Five RCTs and seven non-RCT studies were included. The use of BMP-2 was associated with a higher rate of success fusion than the use of ABG (82.6% vs. 70.1%; P