Development of a patient-reported outcome measure for gastrointestinal recovery after surgery (PRO-diGI)

Matthew J. Lee, Daniel M. Baker, Debby Hawkins, Sue Blackwell, Robert Arnott, Deena Harji, Gabrielle Thorpe, Stephen J. Chapman, Georgina L. Jones, the PRO-diGI Collaborators

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: After major abdominal surgery, patients may experience significant gastrointestinal dysfunction, including postoperative ileus. Many clinical tools are used to measure this dysfunction, but there is no patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) specific to this group. The aim of this study was to develop a new PROM for this common condition.

Methods: A four-stage approach was undertaken. Stage 1 used semi-structured interviews with 29 patients to explore experiences of gastrointestinal recovery and develop a draft questionnaire. Stage 2 solicited feedback from 18 patients and 15 clinical experts on the face validity of the proposed tool using the Questionnaire on Questionnaires (QQ-10). Stage 3 recruited 297 patients to complete the questionnaire. Principal component analysis reduced the items and identified the domain structure. Test-retest reliability and a pilot assessment of responsiveness were assessed in stage 4 in a sample of 100 patients and in a sample of 68 patients respectively.

Results: The interviews generated 26 subthemes across gastrointestinal recovery and general well-being. An initial questionnaire containing 44 items was developed. The QQ-10 demonstrated high value and low burden, supporting face validity. Tests to reduce the items and identify the domain structure resulted in a 15-item questionnaire across four domains (nausea, eating, well-being, and bowels). Test-retest reliability showed intraclass correlation coefficient values ≥0.7 for all domains. Pilot responsiveness was demonstrated through differences in pre- and post-surgical scores.

Conclusion: PRO-diGI is a PROM for gastrointestinal dysfunction after major abdominal surgery that shows good psychometric properties and demonstrates face validity, reliability, and responsiveness. This now needs external validation to facilitate broader implementation.
Original languageEnglish
Article numberznaf055
JournalBritish Journal of Surgery
Volume112
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 10 Apr 2025

Keywords

  • gastrointestinal function
  • gastrointestinal surgery
  • patient reported outcome measure

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