Finding Cross-Border Collaborative Centres in Biopharma Patent Networks: A Clustering Comparison Approach Based on Adjusted Mutual Information

Zhen Zhu; Yuan Gao

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-93409-5_6

Finding Cross-Border Collaborative Centres in Biopharma Patent Networks: A Clustering Comparison Approach Based on Adjusted Mutual Information

Zhen Zhu
, Yuan Gao

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

4 Citations (Scopus)

29 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The recent speedy development of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines has underlined the importance of cross-border patent collaboration. This paper uses the latest edition of the REGPAT database from the OECD and constructs the co-applicant patent networks for the fields of biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. We identify the cross-border collaborative regional centres in these patent networks at NUTS3 level using a clustering comparison approach based on adjusted mutual information (AMI). In particular, we measure and compare the AMI scores of the clustering before and after arbitrarily removing cross-border links of a focal node against the default clustering defined by national borders. The region with the largest difference in AMI scores is identified as the most cross-border collaborative centre, hence the name of our measure, AMI gain. We find that our measure both correlates with and has advantages over the traditional measure betweenness centrality and a simple measure of foreign share.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Complex Networks and Their Applications X - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021
Subtitle of host publication	Volume 1, Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021
Editors	Rosa Maria Benito, Chantal Cherifi, Hocine Cherifi, Esteban Moro, Luis M. Rocha, Marta Sales-Pardo
Publisher	Springer
Pages	62-72
Number of pages	11
ISBN (Electronic)	78-3-030-93409-5
ISBN (Print)	978-3-030-93408-8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93409-5_6
Publication status	Published - Nov 2021
Event	10th International Conference on Complex Networks & their Applications - Polytechnic University of Madrid/online & in-person, Madrid, Spain Duration: 30 Nov 2021 → 2 Dec 2021 Conference number: 10th https://complexnetworks.org/

Publication series

Name	Studies in Computational Intelligence
Volume	1015
ISSN (Print)	1860-949X
ISSN (Electronic)	1860-9503

Conference

Conference	10th International Conference on Complex Networks & their Applications
Abbreviated title	Complex Networks 2021
Country/Territory	Spain
City	Madrid
Period	30/11/21 → 2/12/21
Internet address	https://complexnetworks.org/

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

patent networks
cross-border
adjusted mutual information
clustering comparison
Adjusted mutual information
Clustering comparison
Cross-border
Patent networks

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-030-93409-5_6

Accepted_ManuscriptAccepted author manuscript, 2.59 MB

Cite this

Zhu, Z., & Gao, Y. (2021). Finding Cross-Border Collaborative Centres in Biopharma Patent Networks: A Clustering Comparison Approach Based on Adjusted Mutual Information. In R. M. Benito, C. Cherifi, H. Cherifi, E. Moro, L. M. Rocha, & M. Sales-Pardo (Eds.), Complex Networks and Their Applications X - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021: Volume 1, Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021 (pp. 62-72). (Studies in Computational Intelligence; Vol. 1015). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93409-5_6

Zhu, Zhen ; Gao, Yuan. / Finding Cross-Border Collaborative Centres in Biopharma Patent Networks: A Clustering Comparison Approach Based on Adjusted Mutual Information. Complex Networks and Their Applications X - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021: Volume 1, Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021. editor / Rosa Maria Benito ; Chantal Cherifi ; Hocine Cherifi ; Esteban Moro ; Luis M. Rocha ; Marta Sales-Pardo. Springer, 2021. pp. 62-72 (Studies in Computational Intelligence).

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title = "Finding Cross-Border Collaborative Centres in Biopharma Patent Networks: A Clustering Comparison Approach Based on Adjusted Mutual Information",

abstract = "The recent speedy development of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines has underlined the importance of cross-border patent collaboration. This paper uses the latest edition of the REGPAT database from the OECD and constructs the co-applicant patent networks for the fields of biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. We identify the cross-border collaborative regional centres in these patent networks at NUTS3 level using a clustering comparison approach based on adjusted mutual information (AMI). In particular, we measure and compare the AMI scores of the clustering before and after arbitrarily removing cross-border links of a focal node against the default clustering defined by national borders. The region with the largest difference in AMI scores is identified as the most cross-border collaborative centre, hence the name of our measure, AMI gain. We find that our measure both correlates with and has advantages over the traditional measure betweenness centrality and a simple measure of foreign share.",

keywords = "patent networks, cross-border, adjusted mutual information, clustering comparison, Adjusted mutual information, Clustering comparison, Cross-border, Patent networks",

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Zhu, Z & Gao, Y 2021, Finding Cross-Border Collaborative Centres in Biopharma Patent Networks: A Clustering Comparison Approach Based on Adjusted Mutual Information. in RM Benito, C Cherifi, H Cherifi, E Moro, LM Rocha & M Sales-Pardo (eds), Complex Networks and Their Applications X - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021: Volume 1, Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1015, Springer, pp. 62-72, 10th International Conference on Complex Networks & their Applications, Madrid, Spain, 30/11/21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93409-5_6

Finding Cross-Border Collaborative Centres in Biopharma Patent Networks: A Clustering Comparison Approach Based on Adjusted Mutual Information. / Zhu, Zhen; Gao, Yuan.
Complex Networks and Their Applications X - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021: Volume 1, Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021. ed. / Rosa Maria Benito; Chantal Cherifi; Hocine Cherifi; Esteban Moro; Luis M. Rocha; Marta Sales-Pardo. Springer, 2021. p. 62-72 (Studies in Computational Intelligence; Vol. 1015).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

TY - GEN

T1 - Finding Cross-Border Collaborative Centres in Biopharma Patent Networks: A Clustering Comparison Approach Based on Adjusted Mutual Information

AU - Zhu, Zhen

AU - Gao, Yuan

N1 - Conference code: 10th

PY - 2021/11

Y1 - 2021/11

N2 - The recent speedy development of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines has underlined the importance of cross-border patent collaboration. This paper uses the latest edition of the REGPAT database from the OECD and constructs the co-applicant patent networks for the fields of biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. We identify the cross-border collaborative regional centres in these patent networks at NUTS3 level using a clustering comparison approach based on adjusted mutual information (AMI). In particular, we measure and compare the AMI scores of the clustering before and after arbitrarily removing cross-border links of a focal node against the default clustering defined by national borders. The region with the largest difference in AMI scores is identified as the most cross-border collaborative centre, hence the name of our measure, AMI gain. We find that our measure both correlates with and has advantages over the traditional measure betweenness centrality and a simple measure of foreign share.

AB - The recent speedy development of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines has underlined the importance of cross-border patent collaboration. This paper uses the latest edition of the REGPAT database from the OECD and constructs the co-applicant patent networks for the fields of biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. We identify the cross-border collaborative regional centres in these patent networks at NUTS3 level using a clustering comparison approach based on adjusted mutual information (AMI). In particular, we measure and compare the AMI scores of the clustering before and after arbitrarily removing cross-border links of a focal node against the default clustering defined by national borders. The region with the largest difference in AMI scores is identified as the most cross-border collaborative centre, hence the name of our measure, AMI gain. We find that our measure both correlates with and has advantages over the traditional measure betweenness centrality and a simple measure of foreign share.

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KW - cross-border

KW - adjusted mutual information

KW - clustering comparison

KW - Adjusted mutual information

KW - Clustering comparison

KW - Cross-border

KW - Patent networks

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SN - 978-3-030-93408-8

T3 - Studies in Computational Intelligence

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BT - Complex Networks and Their Applications X - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021

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A2 - Cherifi, Hocine

A2 - Moro, Esteban

A2 - Rocha, Luis M.

A2 - Sales-Pardo, Marta

PB - Springer

T2 - 10th International Conference on Complex Networks & their Applications

Y2 - 30 November 2021 through 2 December 2021

ER -

Zhu Z, Gao Y. Finding Cross-Border Collaborative Centres in Biopharma Patent Networks: A Clustering Comparison Approach Based on Adjusted Mutual Information. In Benito RM, Cherifi C, Cherifi H, Moro E, Rocha LM, Sales-Pardo M, editors, Complex Networks and Their Applications X - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021: Volume 1, Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications COMPLEX NETWORKS 2021. Springer. 2021. p. 62-72. (Studies in Computational Intelligence). doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-93409-5_6

Finding Cross-Border Collaborative Centres in Biopharma Patent Networks: A Clustering Comparison Approach Based on Adjusted Mutual Information

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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