Abstract
Extreme heat stress during the crop reproductive period can be critical for crop productivity. Projected changes in the frequency and severity of extreme climatic events are expected to negatively impact crop yields and global food production. This study applies the global crop model PEGASUS to quantify, for the first time at the global scale, impacts of extreme heat stress on maize, spring wheat and soybean yields resulting from 72 climate change scenarios for the 21st century. Our results project maize to face progressively worse impacts under a range of RCPs but spring wheat and soybean to improve globally through to the 2080s due to CO2 fertilization effects, even though parts of the tropic and sub-tropic regions could face substantial yield declines. We find extreme heat stress at anthesis (HSA) by the 2080s (relative to the 1980s) under RCP 8.5, taking into account CO2 fertilization effects, could double global losses of maize yield (ΔY = −12.8 ± 6.7% versus − 7.0 ± 5.3% without HSA), reduce projected gains in spring wheat yield by half (ΔY = 34.3 ± 13.5% versus 72.0 ± 10.9% without HSA) and in soybean yield by a quarter (ΔY = 15.3 ± 26.5% versus 20.4 ± 22.1% without HSA). The range reflects uncertainty due to differences between climate model scenarios; soybean exhibits both positive and negative impacts, maize is generally negative and spring wheat generally positive. Furthermore, when assuming CO2 fertilization effects to be negligible, we observe drastic climate mitigation policy as in RCP 2.6 could avoid more than 80% of the global average yield losses otherwise expected by the 2080s under RCP 8.5. We show large disparities in climate impacts across regions and find extreme heat stress adversely affects major producing regions and lower income countries.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 034011 |
Journal | Environmental Research Letters |
Volume | 9 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Mar 2014 |
Profiles
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Jeff Price
- School of Environmental Sciences - Associate Professor
- Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research - Senior Research Associate
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation
- Environmental Biology - Member
- ClimateUEA - Member
Person: Research & Analogous, Research Group Member, Research Centre Member, Academic, Teaching & Research
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Rachel Warren
- Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research - Professor of Global Change and Environmental Biology
- School of Environmental Sciences - Professor of Global Change and Environmental Biology
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences - Member
- Environmental Social Sciences - Member
- ClimateUEA - Member
Person: Research Group Member, Research Centre Member, Academic, Teaching & Research