How Geographic Information System can be used to assist disease surveillance of aquatic organisms in developing countries

In many developing countries, the livelihood of the population relies heavily on the fisheries sector, which, therefore, plays a significant role in the socioeconomic development of these countries [1]. However, fisheries industry is vulnerable to a wide range of infectious and non-infectious disease outbreaks, which can lead to a partial or total loss of production. An approach based on aquatic disease surveillance and control measures is crucial for the early detection of such outbreaks and to reduce the risk of disease transmission [2]. To ensure the effective implementation of these approaches in developing countries, several elements are required, including human and financial resources, efficient diagnostic laboratory frameworks and technological tools for data analysis, collection and management. Among the available technological tools, the Geographic Information System (GIS) is strategic due to its ability to harness the power of existing data, integrate data from various sources, enable spatial data analysis, and enhance business processes for informed decision-making [3]. The purpose of this paper is to describe typical GIS applications to assist in disease surveillance of aquatic organisms in developing countries.