TY - JOUR
T1 - Identification of Avramr1 from Phytophthora infestans using long read and cDNA pathogen‐enrichment sequencing (PenSeq)
AU - Lin, Xiao
AU - Song, Tianqiao
AU - Fairhead, Sebastian
AU - Witek, Kamil
AU - Jouet, Agathe
AU - Jupe, Florian
AU - Witek, Agnieszka I.
AU - Karki, Hari S.
AU - Vleeshouwers, Vivianne G. A. A.
AU - Hein, Ingo
AU - Jones, Jonathan D. G.
PY - 2020/11
Y1 - 2020/11
N2 - Potato late blight, caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, significantly hampers potato production. Recently, a new Resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Rpi) gene, Rpi‐amr1, was cloned from a wild Solanum species, Solanum americanum. Identification of the corresponding recognized effector (Avirulence or Avr) genes from P. infestans is key to elucidating their naturally occurring sequence variation, which in turn informs the potential durability of the cognate late blight resistance. To identify the P. infestans effector recognized by Rpi‐amr1, we screened available RXLR effector libraries and used long read and cDNA pathogen‐enrichment sequencing (PenSeq) on four P. infestans isolates to explore the untested effectors. Using single‐molecule real‐time sequencing (SMRT) and cDNA PenSeq, we identified 47 highly expressed effectors from P. infestans, including PITG_07569, which triggers a highly specific cell death response when transiently coexpressed with Rpi‐amr1 in Nicotiana benthamiana, suggesting that PITG_07569 is Avramr1. Here we demonstrate that long read and cDNA PenSeq enables the identification of full‐length RXLR effector families and their expression profile. This study has revealed key insights into the evolution and polymorphism of a complex RXLR effector family that is associated with the recognition by Rpi‐amr1.
AB - Potato late blight, caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, significantly hampers potato production. Recently, a new Resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Rpi) gene, Rpi‐amr1, was cloned from a wild Solanum species, Solanum americanum. Identification of the corresponding recognized effector (Avirulence or Avr) genes from P. infestans is key to elucidating their naturally occurring sequence variation, which in turn informs the potential durability of the cognate late blight resistance. To identify the P. infestans effector recognized by Rpi‐amr1, we screened available RXLR effector libraries and used long read and cDNA pathogen‐enrichment sequencing (PenSeq) on four P. infestans isolates to explore the untested effectors. Using single‐molecule real‐time sequencing (SMRT) and cDNA PenSeq, we identified 47 highly expressed effectors from P. infestans, including PITG_07569, which triggers a highly specific cell death response when transiently coexpressed with Rpi‐amr1 in Nicotiana benthamiana, suggesting that PITG_07569 is Avramr1. Here we demonstrate that long read and cDNA PenSeq enables the identification of full‐length RXLR effector families and their expression profile. This study has revealed key insights into the evolution and polymorphism of a complex RXLR effector family that is associated with the recognition by Rpi‐amr1.
KW - Avramr1
KW - PenSeq
KW - Phytophthora infestans
KW - RXLR effector
KW - Rpi-amr1
KW - late blight
KW - oomycete
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85090953011&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/mpp.12987
DO - 10.1111/mpp.12987
M3 - Article
SN - 1464-6722
VL - 21
SP - 1502
EP - 1512
JO - Molecular Plant Pathology
JF - Molecular Plant Pathology
IS - 11
ER -