@article{ede3bf59294d4c9ca20e1a3736e152fa,
title = "In situ expression of eukaryotic ice-binding proteins in microbial communities of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice",
abstract = "Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) have been isolated from various sea-ice organisms. Their characterisation points to a crucial role in protecting the organisms in sub-zero environments. However, their in situ abundance and diversity in natural sea-ice microbial communities is largely unknown. In this study, we analysed the expression and phylogenetic diversity of eukaryotic IBP transcripts from microbial communities of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice. IBP transcripts were found in abundances similar to those of proteins involved in core cellular processes such as photosynthesis. Eighty-nine percent of the IBP transcripts grouped with known IBP sequences from diatoms, haptophytes and crustaceans, but the majority represented novel sequences not previously characterized in cultured organisms. The observed high eukaryotic IBP expression in natural eukaryotic sea ice communities underlines the essential role of IBPs for survival of many microorganisms in communities living under the extreme conditions of polar sea ice.",
author = "Christiane Uhlig and Fabian Kilpert and Stephan Frickenhaus and Kegel, {Jessica U.} and Andreas Krell and Thomas Mock and Klaus Valentin and B{\'a}nk Beszteri",
note = "Funding Information: The work was funded by a doctoral fellowship of the German National Academic Foundation to CU. Financial support was provided by the PACES (Polar Regions and Coasts in a changing Earth System) research program of the Alfred Wegener Institute, within the Helmholtz Foundation Initiative in Earth and Environment, and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through grant VA 105/13-1 and 2 to KV. The analyses performed by FK were funded under DFG grant FR2134/1-1. TM acknowledges the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) for sequencing (Grant MGF (NBAF) 197). We are most grateful to the captains and crews of R/V Polarstern and R/V Aurora Australis for their cooperative support during the cruises PS69 and SIPEX. We also thank Sebastian Gerland for collaboration which allowed the sampling in Ny{\AA}lesund. The technical support of Erika Allhusen, help with Phyton scripting by Judith Hauck and the bioinformatics support of Stefan Neuhaus are greatly appreciated. The authors further thank the Max-Planck genome center Berlin/Cologne and Sven Klages for sequencing and assembly of the Sanger metatranscriptomes. Sanger sequence data are available at the GenBank database under accession Nos. JZ733060 to JZ761128. 454 sequence data is available in the Sequence Read Archive no SRR1752079. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 International Society for Microbial Ecology.",
year = "2015",
month = nov,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1038/ismej.2015.43",
language = "English",
volume = "9",
pages = "2537--2540",
journal = "The ISME Journal",
issn = "1751-7362",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "11",
}