Integrating CALL into "strong" research agendas

Suggestions have been made that for CALL to advance both in its pedagogical aims as well as in its academic prestige "strong" research agendas should be adopted. One suggestion for such an agenda has been labelled CARLA by the distinguished American scholar Nina Garrett. This programme is examined in a little detail and, given its perceived shortcomings, an alternative (although parallel) agenda is suggested. The proposed alternative emphasizes the types of explicit representation found within Intelligent CALL.