Projects per year
Abstract
Recent findings of an unexpected slowdown in the decline of CFC-11 mixing ratios in the atmosphere have led to the conclusion that global CFC-11 emissions have increased over the past decade and have been attributed in part to eastern China. This study independently assesses these findings by evaluating enhancements of CFC-11 mixing ratios in air samples collected in Taiwan between 2014 and 2018. Using the NAME (Numerical Atmospheric Modeling Environment) particle dispersion model, we find the likely source of the enhanced CFC-11 observed in Taiwan to be East China. Other halogenated trace gases were also measured, and there were positive interspecies correlations between CFC-11 and CHCl3, CCl4, HCFC-141b, HCFC-142b, CH2Cl2, and HCFC-22, indicating co-location of the emissions of these compounds. These correlations in combination with published emission estimates of CH2Cl2 and HCFC-22 from China, and of CHCl3 and CCl4 from eastern China, are used to estimate CFC-11 emissions. Within the uncertainties, these estimates do not differ for eastern China and the whole of China, so we combine them to derive a mean estimate that we term as being from "(eastern) China". For 2014-2018, we estimate an emission of 19 ± 5 Gg year-1 (gigagrams per year) of CFC-11 from (eastern) China, approximately one-quarter of global emissions. Comparing this to previously reported CFC-11 emissions estimated for earlier years, we estimate CFC-11 emissions from (eastern) China to have increased by 7 ± 5 Gg year-1 from the 2008-2011 average to the 2014-2018 average, which is 50 ± 40% of the estimated increase in global CFC-11 emissions and is consistent with the emission increases attributed to this region in an earlier study.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 3814-3822 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Environmental Science & Technology |
Volume | 54 |
Issue number | 7 |
Early online date | 3 Mar 2020 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 3 Mar 2020 |
Profiles
-
Johannes Laube
- School of Environmental Sciences - Honorary Lecturer
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences - Member
- ClimateUEA - Member
Person: Honorary, Member, Research Group Member
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David Oram
- School of Environmental Sciences - NCAS Professorial Research Fellow
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences - Member
Person: Research & Analogous, Research Group Member
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Claire Reeves
- School of Environmental Sciences - Emeritus Professor
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences - Member
- ClimateUEA - Member
Person: Honorary, Research Group Member
Projects
- 2 Finished
-
International Collaboration on Measurement of Globally-Important Gases in the Atmosphere of the Tropical Maritime Continent (Joint Proposal - Lead, University of Cambridge)
Sturges, B., Manning, A., Oram, D., Bandy, B. & Humphrey, S.
Natural Environment Research Council
4/10/12 → 3/10/15
Project: Research
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FORESIGHT - FOREnSic Innovations to constrain GreenHouse Trace gas budgets (UEA Lead)
Natural Environment Research Council
1/11/11 → 31/10/16
Project: Fellowship
Research output
- 15 Citations (Scopus)
- 1 Article
-
Tracer measurements in growing sea ice support convective gravity drainage parameterizations
Thomas, M., Vancoppenolle, M., France, J. L., Sturges, W. T., Bakker, D. C. E., Kaiser, J. & Glasow, R. V., Feb 2020, In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 125, 2, e2019JC015791.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open AccessFile13 Citations (Scopus)30 Downloads (Pure)