Projects per year
Abstract
The vast majority of oceanic dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is thought to be catabolized by bacteria via the DMSP demethylation pathway. This pathway contains four enzymes termed DmdA, DmdB, DmdC and DmdD/AcuH, which together catabolise DMSP to acetylaldehyde and methanethiol as carbon and sulfur sources, respectively. Whilst molecular mechanisms for DmdA and DmdD have been proposed, little is known of the catalytic mechanisms of DmdB and DmdC, which are central to this pathway. Here we undertake physiological, structural and biochemical analyses to elucidate the catalytic mechanisms of DmdB and DmdC. DmdB, a 3-methylmercaptopropionate (MMPA)-coenzyme A (CoA) ligase, undergoes two sequential conformational changes to catalyze the ligation of MMPA and CoA. DmdC, a MMPA-CoA dehydrogenase, catalyzes the dehydrogenation of MMPA-CoA to generate MTA-CoA with Glu435 as the catalytic base. Sequence alignment suggests that the proposed catalytic mechanisms of DmdB and DmdC are likely widely adopted by bacteria using the DMSP demethylation pathway. Analysis of the substrate affinities of involved enzymes indicates that Roseobacters kinetically regulate the DMSP demethylation pathway to ensure DMSP functioning and catabolism in their cells. Altogether, this study sheds novel lights on the catalytic and regulative mechanisms of bacterial DMSP demethylation, leading to a better understanding of bacterial DMSP catabolism.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1057-1073 |
Number of pages | 17 |
Journal | Molecular Microbiology |
Volume | 111 |
Issue number | 4 |
Early online date | 24 Jan 2019 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Apr 2019 |
Keywords
- DMSP
- DMSP demethylation
Profiles
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Jonathan Todd
- School of Biological Sciences - Professor of Environmental Microbiology
- Molecular Microbiology - Member
- Wolfson Centre for Advanced Environmental Microbiology - Member
Person: Research Group Member, Academic, Teaching & Research
Projects
- 2 Finished
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A multidisciplinary study of DMSP production and lysis - from enzymes to organisms to process modelling.
Todd, J., Airs, R., Beale, R., Hopkins, F., Le Brun, N., Malin, G., Polimene, L., Pratscher, J., Tarran, G. & Green, R.
Natural Environment Research Council
1/05/17 → 30/04/22
Project: Research
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Bacteria make DMSP - how significant is this process?
Todd, J., Murrell, C., Pratscher, J. & Curson, A.
Natural Environment Research Council
17/01/16 → 16/01/19
Project: Research