TY - JOUR
T1 - Mutagenesis of the Sauromatum guttatum alternative oxidase reveals features important for oxygen binding and catalysis
AU - Crichton, Paul G.
AU - Albury, Mary S.
AU - Affourtit, Charles
AU - Moore, Anthony L.
PY - 2010/6
Y1 - 2010/6
N2 - The alternative oxidase (AOX) is a non-protonmotive ubiquinol oxidase that is found in mitochondria of all higher plants studied to date. To investigate the role of highly conserved amino acid residues in catalysis we have expressed site-directed mutants of Cys-172, Thr-179, Trp-206, Tyr-253, and Tyr-299 in AOX in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Assessment of AOX activity in isolated yeast mitochondria reveals that mutagenesis of Trp-206 to phenylalanine or tyrosine abolishes activity, in contrast to that observed with either Tyr-253 or 299 both mutants of which retained activity. None of the mutants exhibited sensitivity to Q-like inhibitors that differed significantly from the wild type AOX. Interestingly, however, mutagenesis of Thr-179 or Cys-172 (a residue implicated in AOX regulation by α-keto acids) to alanine not only resulted in a decrease of maximum AOX activity but also caused a significant increase in the enzyme's affinity for oxygen (4- and 2-fold, respectively). These results provide important new insights in the mechanism of AOX catalysis and regulation by pyruvate.
AB - The alternative oxidase (AOX) is a non-protonmotive ubiquinol oxidase that is found in mitochondria of all higher plants studied to date. To investigate the role of highly conserved amino acid residues in catalysis we have expressed site-directed mutants of Cys-172, Thr-179, Trp-206, Tyr-253, and Tyr-299 in AOX in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Assessment of AOX activity in isolated yeast mitochondria reveals that mutagenesis of Trp-206 to phenylalanine or tyrosine abolishes activity, in contrast to that observed with either Tyr-253 or 299 both mutants of which retained activity. None of the mutants exhibited sensitivity to Q-like inhibitors that differed significantly from the wild type AOX. Interestingly, however, mutagenesis of Thr-179 or Cys-172 (a residue implicated in AOX regulation by α-keto acids) to alanine not only resulted in a decrease of maximum AOX activity but also caused a significant increase in the enzyme's affinity for oxygen (4- and 2-fold, respectively). These results provide important new insights in the mechanism of AOX catalysis and regulation by pyruvate.
KW - (reduced) ubiquinone
KW - octyl gallate
KW - salicylic hydroxamic acid
KW - Q(H2)
KW - OG
KW - SHAM
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77953798246&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.12.010
DO - 10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.12.010
M3 - Article
C2 - 20026041
AN - SCOPUS:77953798246
SN - 0005-2728
VL - 1797
SP - 732
EP - 737
JO - Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-Bioenergetics
JF - Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-Bioenergetics
IS - 6-7
ER -