TY - JOUR
T1 - Passive-sampler-derived PCB and OCP concentrations in the waters of the world-first results from the AQUA-GAPS/MONET Network
AU - Lohmann, Rainer
AU - Vrana, Branislav
AU - Muir, Derek
AU - Smedes, Foppe
AU - Sobotka, Jaromír
AU - Zeng, Eddy Y.
AU - Bao, Lian Jun
AU - Allan, Ian J.
AU - Astrahan, Peleg
AU - Barra, Ricardo O.
AU - Bidleman, Terry
AU - Dykyi, Evgen
AU - Estoppey, Nicolas
AU - Fillmann, Gilberto
AU - Greenwood, Naomi
AU - Helm, Paul A.
AU - Jantunen, Liisa
AU - Kaserzon, Sarit
AU - Macías, J. Vinicio
AU - Maruya, Keith A.
AU - Molina, Francisco
AU - Newman, Brent
AU - Prats, Raimon M.
AU - Tsapakis, Manolis
AU - Tysklind, Mats
AU - van Drooge, Barend L.
AU - Veal, Cameron J.
AU - Wong, Charles S.
N1 - Funding Information: Authors thank the RECETOX Research Infrastructure (no. LM2018121) financed by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, and the Operational Programme Research, Development and Education (the CETOCOEN Excellence project no. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_043/0009632) for supportive background. This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 857560. This publication reflects only the author’s view, and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. The results of the project were created with the financial support of the provider Czech Science Foundation within the project ’Holistic exposure and effect potential assessment of complex chemical mixtures in the aquatic environment’ no. 20-04676X.
PY - 2023/6/27
Y1 - 2023/6/27
N2 - Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are recognized as pollutants of global concern, but so far, information on the trends of legacy POPs in the waters of the world has been missing due to logistical, analytical, and financial reasons. Passive samplers have emerged as an attractive alternative to active water sampling methods as they accumulate POPs, represent time-weighted average concentrations, and can easily be shipped and deployed. As part of the AQUA-GAPS/MONET, passive samplers were deployed at 40 globally distributed sites between 2016 and 2020, for a total of 21 freshwater and 40 marine deployments. Results from silicone passive samplers showed α-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and γ-HCH displaying the greatest concentrations in the northern latitudes/Arctic Ocean, in stark contrast to the more persistent penta (PeCB)- and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), which approached equilibrium across sampling sites. Geospatial patterns of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) aqueous concentrations closely matched original estimates of production and use, implying limited global transport. Positive correlations between log-transformed concentrations of Σ7PCB, ΣDDTs, Σendosulfan, and Σchlordane, but not ΣHCH, and the log of population density (p < 0.05) within 5 and 10 km of the sampling sites also supported limited transport from used sites. These results help to understand the extent of global distribution, and eventually time-trends, of organic pollutants in aquatic systems, such as across freshwaters and oceans. Future deployments will aim to establish time-trends at selected sites while adding to the geographical coverage.
AB - Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are recognized as pollutants of global concern, but so far, information on the trends of legacy POPs in the waters of the world has been missing due to logistical, analytical, and financial reasons. Passive samplers have emerged as an attractive alternative to active water sampling methods as they accumulate POPs, represent time-weighted average concentrations, and can easily be shipped and deployed. As part of the AQUA-GAPS/MONET, passive samplers were deployed at 40 globally distributed sites between 2016 and 2020, for a total of 21 freshwater and 40 marine deployments. Results from silicone passive samplers showed α-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and γ-HCH displaying the greatest concentrations in the northern latitudes/Arctic Ocean, in stark contrast to the more persistent penta (PeCB)- and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), which approached equilibrium across sampling sites. Geospatial patterns of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) aqueous concentrations closely matched original estimates of production and use, implying limited global transport. Positive correlations between log-transformed concentrations of Σ7PCB, ΣDDTs, Σendosulfan, and Σchlordane, but not ΣHCH, and the log of population density (p < 0.05) within 5 and 10 km of the sampling sites also supported limited transport from used sites. These results help to understand the extent of global distribution, and eventually time-trends, of organic pollutants in aquatic systems, such as across freshwaters and oceans. Future deployments will aim to establish time-trends at selected sites while adding to the geographical coverage.
KW - cyclodiene pesticides
KW - global fractionation
KW - hexachlorobenzene
KW - hexachlorocyclohexanes
KW - long-range transport
KW - organochlorine pesticides
KW - passive sampler
KW - polychlorinated biphenyls
KW - silicone rubber
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85163797748&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.est.3c01866
DO - 10.1021/acs.est.3c01866
M3 - Article
C2 - 37294896
AN - SCOPUS:85163797748
SN - 0013-936X
VL - 57
SP - 9342
EP - 9352
JO - Environmental Science and Technology
JF - Environmental Science and Technology
IS - 25
ER -
