TY - JOUR
T1 - Testing predictions of a neural process model of visual attention in infancy across competitive and non-competitive contexts
AU - Spencer, John
AU - Ross-Sheehy, Shannon
AU - Eschman, Bret
N1 - Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank the research assistants and participating families who made this work possible. Funding for this study was provided by R01HD083287 awarded to J. Spencer. The authors declare no conflicts of interest with regard to the funding source for this study.
PY - 2022/3
Y1 - 2022/3
N2 - A key question in early development is how changes in neural systems give rise to changes in infants' behavior. We examine this question by testing predictions of a dynamic field (DF) model of infant spatial attention. We tested 5-, 7-, and 10-month-old infants in the Infant Orienting With Attention (IOWA) task containing the original non-competitive cue conditions (when a central stimulus disappeared before a cue onset) and new competitive cue conditions (when a central stimulus remained visible throughout the trial). This allowed testing of five model predictions: (1) that orienting accuracy would be higher and (2) reaction times would be slower for all competitive conditions; (3) that all infants would be slower to orient in the competitive conditions, though (4) older infants would show the strongest competition costs; and (5) that reaction times would be particularly slow for un-cued competitive conditions. Four of these five predictions were supported, and the remaining prediction was supported in part. We next examined fits of the model to the expanded task. New simulation results reveal close fits to the present findings after parameter modification. Critically, developmental parameters of the model were not altered, providing support for the DF model's account of neuro-developmental change.
AB - A key question in early development is how changes in neural systems give rise to changes in infants' behavior. We examine this question by testing predictions of a dynamic field (DF) model of infant spatial attention. We tested 5-, 7-, and 10-month-old infants in the Infant Orienting With Attention (IOWA) task containing the original non-competitive cue conditions (when a central stimulus disappeared before a cue onset) and new competitive cue conditions (when a central stimulus remained visible throughout the trial). This allowed testing of five model predictions: (1) that orienting accuracy would be higher and (2) reaction times would be slower for all competitive conditions; (3) that all infants would be slower to orient in the competitive conditions, though (4) older infants would show the strongest competition costs; and (5) that reaction times would be particularly slow for un-cued competitive conditions. Four of these five predictions were supported, and the remaining prediction was supported in part. We next examined fits of the model to the expanded task. New simulation results reveal close fits to the present findings after parameter modification. Critically, developmental parameters of the model were not altered, providing support for the DF model's account of neuro-developmental change.
KW - cognitive development
KW - dynamic field theory
KW - infancy
KW - neural process models
KW - orienting attention
KW - spatial attention
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85124691157&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/infa.12457
DO - 10.1111/infa.12457
M3 - Article
SN - 1525-0008
VL - 27
SP - 389
EP - 411
JO - Infancy
JF - Infancy
IS - 2
ER -