The Earth BioGenome Project 2020: Starting the clock

Harris A. Lewin; Stephen Richards; Erez Lieberman Aiden; Miguel L. Allende; John M. Archibald; Miklós Bálint; Katharine B. Barker; Bridget Baumgartner; Katherine Belov; Giorgio Bertorelle; Mark L. Blaxter; Jing Cai; Nicolette D. Caperello; Keith Carlson; Juan Carlos Castilla-Rubio; Shu Miaw Chaw; Lei Chen; Anna K. Childers; Jonathan A. Coddington; Dalia A. Conde; Montserrat Corominas; Keith A. Crandall; Andrew J. Crawford; Federica DiPalma; Richard Durbin; Thank God E. Ebenezer; Scott V. Edwards; Olivier Fedrigo; Paul Flicek; Giulio Formenti; Richard A. Gibbs; M. Thomas Gilbert; Melissa M. Goldstein; Jennifer Marshall Graves; Henry T. Greely; Igor V. Grigoriev; Kevin J. Hackett; Neil Hall; David Haussler; Kristofer M. Helgen; Carolyn J. Hogg; Sachiko Isobe; Kjetill Sigurd Jakobsen; Axel Janke; Erich D. Jarvis; Warren E. Johnson; Steven J.M. Jones; Elinor K. Karlsson; Paul J. Kersey; Jin Hyoung Kim; W. John Kress; Shigehiro Kuraku; Mara K.N. Lawniczak; James H. Leebens-Mack; Xueyan Li; Kerstin Lindblad-Toh; Jose V. Lopez; Tomas Marques-Bonet; Xin Liu; Sophie Mazard; Jonna A.K. Mazet; Camila J. Mazzoni; Eugene W. Myers; Rachel J. O’Neill; Sadye Paez; Hyun Park; Gene E. Robinson; Cristina Roquet; Oliver A. Ryder; Jamal S.M. Sabir; H. Bradley Shaffer; Timothy M. Shank; Jacob S. Sherkow; Pamela S. Soltis; Boping Tang; Leho Tedersoo; Marcela Uliano-Silva; Kun Wang; Xiaofeng Wei; Regina Wetzer; Julia L. Wilson; Xun Xu; Huanming Yang; Anne D. Yoder; Guojie Zhang

doi:10.1073/pnas.2115635118

The Earth BioGenome Project 2020: Starting the clock

Harris A. Lewin, Stephen Richards, Erez Lieberman Aiden, Miguel L. Allende, John M. Archibald, Miklós Bálint, Katharine B. Barker, Bridget Baumgartner, Katherine Belov, Giorgio Bertorelle, Mark L. Blaxter, Jing Cai, Nicolette D. Caperello, Keith Carlson, Juan Carlos Castilla-Rubio, Shu Miaw Chaw, Lei Chen, Anna K. Childers, Jonathan A. Coddington, Dalia A. CondeMontserrat Corominas, Keith A. Crandall, Andrew J. Crawford, Federica DiPalma, Richard Durbin, Thank God E. Ebenezer, Scott V. Edwards, Olivier Fedrigo, Paul Flicek, Giulio Formenti, Richard A. Gibbs, M. Thomas Gilbert, Melissa M. Goldstein, Jennifer Marshall Graves, Henry T. Greely, Igor V. Grigoriev, Kevin J. Hackett, Neil Hall, David Haussler, Kristofer M. Helgen, Carolyn J. Hogg, Sachiko Isobe, Kjetill Sigurd Jakobsen, Axel Janke, Erich D. Jarvis, Warren E. Johnson, Steven J.M. Jones, Elinor K. Karlsson, Paul J. Kersey, Jin Hyoung Kim, W. John Kress, Shigehiro Kuraku, Mara K.N. Lawniczak, James H. Leebens-Mack, Xueyan Li, Kerstin Lindblad-Toh, Jose V. Lopez, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Xin Liu, Sophie Mazard, Jonna A.K. Mazet, Camila J. Mazzoni, Eugene W. Myers, Rachel J. O’Neill, Sadye Paez, Hyun Park, Gene E. Robinson, Cristina Roquet, Oliver A. Ryder, Jamal S.M. Sabir, H. Bradley Shaffer, Timothy M. Shank, Jacob S. Sherkow, Pamela S. Soltis, Boping Tang, Leho Tedersoo, Marcela Uliano-Silva, Kun Wang, Xiaofeng Wei, Regina Wetzer, Julia L. Wilson, Xun Xu, Huanming Yang, Anne D. Yoder, Guojie Zhang

School of Biological Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

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Original language	English
Article number	e2115635118
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume	119
Issue number	4
Early online date	18 Jan 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2115635118
Publication status	Published - 25 Jan 2022

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10.1073/pnas.2115635118Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

pnas.2115635118Final published version, 1.39 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

Lewin, H. A., Richards, S., Aiden, E. L., Allende, M. L., Archibald, J. M., Bálint, M., Barker, K. B., Baumgartner, B., Belov, K., Bertorelle, G., Blaxter, M. L., Cai, J., Caperello, N. D., Carlson, K., Castilla-Rubio, J. C., Chaw, S. M., Chen, L., Childers, A. K., Coddington, J. A., ... Zhang, G. (2022). The Earth BioGenome Project 2020: Starting the clock. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(4), Article e2115635118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2115635118

@article{cdf99ecf02de444f9998d62985098a2d,

title = "The Earth BioGenome Project 2020: Starting the clock",

author = "Lewin, {Harris A.} and Stephen Richards and Aiden, {Erez Lieberman} and Allende, {Miguel L.} and Archibald, {John M.} and Mikl{\'o}s B{\'a}lint and Barker, {Katharine B.} and Bridget Baumgartner and Katherine Belov and Giorgio Bertorelle and Blaxter, {Mark L.} and Jing Cai and Caperello, {Nicolette D.} and Keith Carlson and Castilla-Rubio, {Juan Carlos} and Chaw, {Shu Miaw} and Lei Chen and Childers, {Anna K.} and Coddington, {Jonathan A.} and Conde, {Dalia A.} and Montserrat Corominas and Crandall, {Keith A.} and Crawford, {Andrew J.} and Federica DiPalma and Richard Durbin and Ebenezer, {Thank God E.} and Edwards, {Scott V.} and Olivier Fedrigo and Paul Flicek and Giulio Formenti and Gibbs, {Richard A.} and Gilbert, {M. Thomas} and Goldstein, {Melissa M.} and Graves, {Jennifer Marshall} and Greely, {Henry T.} and Grigoriev, {Igor V.} and Hackett, {Kevin J.} and Neil Hall and David Haussler and Helgen, {Kristofer M.} and Hogg, {Carolyn J.} and Sachiko Isobe and Jakobsen, {Kjetill Sigurd} and Axel Janke and Jarvis, {Erich D.} and Johnson, {Warren E.} and Jones, {Steven J.M.} and Karlsson, {Elinor K.} and Kersey, {Paul J.} and Kim, {Jin Hyoung} and Kress, {W. John} and Shigehiro Kuraku and Lawniczak, {Mara K.N.} and Leebens-Mack, {James H.} and Xueyan Li and Kerstin Lindblad-Toh and Lopez, {Jose V.} and Tomas Marques-Bonet and Xin Liu and Sophie Mazard and Mazet, {Jonna A.K.} and Mazzoni, {Camila J.} and Myers, {Eugene W.} and O{\textquoteright}Neill, {Rachel J.} and Sadye Paez and Hyun Park and Robinson, {Gene E.} and Cristina Roquet and Ryder, {Oliver A.} and Sabir, {Jamal S.M.} and Shaffer, {H. Bradley} and Shank, {Timothy M.} and Sherkow, {Jacob S.} and Soltis, {Pamela S.} and Boping Tang and Leho Tedersoo and Marcela Uliano-Silva and Kun Wang and Xiaofeng Wei and Regina Wetzer and Wilson, {Julia L.} and Xun Xu and Huanming Yang and Yoder, {Anne D.} and Guojie Zhang",

note = "Funding Information: aDepartment of Evolution and Ecology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; bDepartment of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; cUniversity of California Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; dDNA Zoo and The Center for Genome Architecture, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030; eCenter for Genome Regulation, Universidad de Chile 3425 Santiago, Chile; fFacultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile 3425 Santiago, Chile; gDepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada; hLOEWE Centre of Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Senckenberg Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; iInstitute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig University 35392 Giessen, Germany; jGlobal Genome Biodiversity Network Secretariat, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560; kRevive & Restore, Sausalito, CA 94965; lSchool of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; mDepartment of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara 44121 Ferrara, Italy; nTree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom; oSchool of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University 710072 Xi{\textquoteright}an, China; pThe Novim Group, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106; qSpacetime Ventures 05449-050 S{\~a}o Paulo, Brazil; rBiodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica 11529 Taipei, Taiwan; sBee Research Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705; tGlobal Genome Initiative, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560; uConservation Science, Species360 Conservation Science Alliance, Bloomington, MN 55425; vDepartment of Biology, University of Southern Denmark 5230 Odense M, Denmark; wDepartment of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Universitat de Barcelona 08028 Barcelona, Spain; xCatalan Society for Biology, Institute for Catalan Studies 08001 Barcelona, Spain; yDepartment of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Computational Biology Institute, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052; zDepartment of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052; aaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes 111711 Bogot{\'a}, Colombia; bbGenome British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 0C4, Canada; ccDepartment of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom; ddWellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom; eeUniProt, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SD, United Kingdom; ffDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; ggMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; hhLaboratory of the Neurogenetics of Language, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065; iiEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SD, United Kingdom; jjVertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065; kkHuman Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030; llGLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark; mmUniversity Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology 7491 Trondheim, Norway; nnDepartment of Health Policy and Management, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052; ooSchool of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; ppInstitute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia; qqStanford Law School, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; rrUS Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; ssDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; ttOffice of National Programs, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705; uuEarlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UZ, United Kingdom; vvGenome Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060; wwHHMI, Chevy Chase, MD 20815; xxAustralian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia; yyDepartment of Frontier Research and Development, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba 292-0818, Japan; zzDepartment of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway; aaaWalter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian Institution, Suitland, MD 20746; bbbCenter for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA 22630; cccCanada{\textquoteright}s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4S6, Canada; dddBioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605; eeeBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142; fffRoyal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3AE, United Kingdom; gggDivision of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute 21990 Incheon, South Korea; hhhMuseum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012; iiiDepartment of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of Genetics 411-8540 Shizuoka, Japan; jjjLaboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research 650-0047 Hyogo, Japan; kkkDepartment of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602; lllState Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences 650223 Yunnan, China; mmmScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden; nnnBGI-Research, Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen 518083 Shenzhen, China; oooDepartment of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL 33004; pppGuy Harvey Oceanographic Center, Dania Beach, FL 33004; qqqInstitute of Evolutionary Biology, Pompeu Fabra University, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona 08003 Barcelona, Spain; rrrCatalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies 08010 Barcelona, Spain; sssCentre Nacional d'An{\`a}lisi Gen{\`o}mica, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08028 Barcelona, Spain; tttInstitut Catal{\`a} de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Aut{\`o}noma de Barcelona 08193 Barcelona, Spain; uuuBioplatforms Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; vvvOne Health Institute, University of California Davis, CA 95616; wwwBerlin Center for Genomics in Biodiversity Research 14195 Berlin, Germany; xxxEvolutionary Genetics Department, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research 10315 Berlin, Germany; yyyMax Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics 01307 Dresden, Germany; zzzInstitute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269; aaaaDepartment of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269; bbbbDivision of Biotechnology, Korea University 02841 Seoul, Korea; ccccDepartment of Entomology, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801; ddddSystematics and Evolution of Vascular Plants Associated Unit to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Aut{\`o}noma de Barcelona 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; eeeeLaboratoire d{\textquoteright}Ecologie Alpine, University Grenoble Alpes, University Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS 38000 Grenoble, France; ffffConservation Genetics, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, Escondido, CA 92027; ggggDivision of Biology, Department of Evolution, Behavior, and Ecology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039; hhhhDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; iiiiCentre of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; jjjjLa Kretz Center for California Conservation Science, Institute of Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024; kkkkDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; llllBiology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543; mmmmCollege of Law, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820; nnnnFlorida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; ooooBiodiversity Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; ppppJiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University 224002 Yancheng, China; qqqqCenter of Mycology and Microbiology, University of Tartu 50411 Tartu, Estonia; rrrrCollege of Science, King Saud University 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; ssssResearch and Collections, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA 90007; ttttBiological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089; uuuuDepartment of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708; vvvvDuke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708; wwwwVillum Center for Biodiversity Genomics, Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; and xxxxChina National Genebank, Beijing Genomics Institute 51803 Shenzhen, China",

year = "2022",

month = jan,

day = "25",

doi = "10.1073/pnas.2115635118",

language = "English",

volume = "119",

journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",

issn = "0027-8424",

publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",

number = "4",

}

Lewin, HA, Richards, S, Aiden, EL, Allende, ML, Archibald, JM, Bálint, M, Barker, KB, Baumgartner, B, Belov, K, Bertorelle, G, Blaxter, ML, Cai, J, Caperello, ND, Carlson, K, Castilla-Rubio, JC, Chaw, SM, Chen, L, Childers, AK, Coddington, JA, Conde, DA, Corominas, M, Crandall, KA, Crawford, AJ, DiPalma, F, Durbin, R, Ebenezer, TGE, Edwards, SV, Fedrigo, O, Flicek, P, Formenti, G, Gibbs, RA, Gilbert, MT, Goldstein, MM, Graves, JM, Greely, HT, Grigoriev, IV, Hackett, KJ, Hall, N, Haussler, D, Helgen, KM, Hogg, CJ, Isobe, S, Jakobsen, KS, Janke, A, Jarvis, ED, Johnson, WE, Jones, SJM, Karlsson, EK, Kersey, PJ, Kim, JH, Kress, WJ, Kuraku, S, Lawniczak, MKN, Leebens-Mack, JH, Li, X, Lindblad-Toh, K, Lopez, JV, Marques-Bonet, T, Liu, X, Mazard, S, Mazet, JAK, Mazzoni, CJ, Myers, EW, O’Neill, RJ, Paez, S, Park, H, Robinson, GE, Roquet, C, Ryder, OA, Sabir, JSM, Shaffer, HB, Shank, TM, Sherkow, JS, Soltis, PS, Tang, B, Tedersoo, L, Uliano-Silva, M, Wang, K, Wei, X, Wetzer, R, Wilson, JL, Xu, X, Yang, H, Yoder, AD & Zhang, G 2022, 'The Earth BioGenome Project 2020: Starting the clock', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 119, no. 4, e2115635118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2115635118

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Earth BioGenome Project 2020: Starting the clock

AU - Lewin, Harris A.

AU - Richards, Stephen

AU - Aiden, Erez Lieberman

AU - Allende, Miguel L.

AU - Archibald, John M.

AU - Bálint, Miklós

AU - Barker, Katharine B.

AU - Baumgartner, Bridget

AU - Belov, Katherine

AU - Bertorelle, Giorgio

AU - Blaxter, Mark L.

AU - Cai, Jing

AU - Caperello, Nicolette D.

AU - Carlson, Keith

AU - Castilla-Rubio, Juan Carlos

AU - Chaw, Shu Miaw

AU - Chen, Lei

AU - Childers, Anna K.

AU - Coddington, Jonathan A.

AU - Conde, Dalia A.

AU - Corominas, Montserrat

AU - Crandall, Keith A.

AU - Crawford, Andrew J.

AU - DiPalma, Federica

AU - Durbin, Richard

AU - Ebenezer, Thank God E.

AU - Edwards, Scott V.

AU - Fedrigo, Olivier

AU - Flicek, Paul

AU - Formenti, Giulio

AU - Gibbs, Richard A.

AU - Gilbert, M. Thomas

AU - Goldstein, Melissa M.

AU - Graves, Jennifer Marshall

AU - Greely, Henry T.

AU - Grigoriev, Igor V.

AU - Hackett, Kevin J.

AU - Hall, Neil

AU - Haussler, David

AU - Helgen, Kristofer M.

AU - Hogg, Carolyn J.

AU - Isobe, Sachiko

AU - Jakobsen, Kjetill Sigurd

AU - Janke, Axel

AU - Jarvis, Erich D.

AU - Johnson, Warren E.

AU - Jones, Steven J.M.

AU - Karlsson, Elinor K.

AU - Kersey, Paul J.

AU - Kim, Jin Hyoung

AU - Kress, W. John

AU - Kuraku, Shigehiro

AU - Lawniczak, Mara K.N.

AU - Leebens-Mack, James H.

AU - Li, Xueyan

AU - Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin

AU - Lopez, Jose V.

AU - Marques-Bonet, Tomas

AU - Liu, Xin

AU - Mazard, Sophie

AU - Mazet, Jonna A.K.

AU - Mazzoni, Camila J.

AU - Myers, Eugene W.

AU - O’Neill, Rachel J.

AU - Paez, Sadye

AU - Park, Hyun

AU - Robinson, Gene E.

AU - Roquet, Cristina

AU - Ryder, Oliver A.

AU - Sabir, Jamal S.M.

AU - Shaffer, H. Bradley

AU - Shank, Timothy M.

AU - Sherkow, Jacob S.

AU - Soltis, Pamela S.

AU - Tang, Boping

AU - Tedersoo, Leho

AU - Uliano-Silva, Marcela

AU - Wang, Kun

AU - Wei, Xiaofeng

AU - Wetzer, Regina

AU - Wilson, Julia L.

AU - Xu, Xun

AU - Yang, Huanming

AU - Yoder, Anne D.

AU - Zhang, Guojie

N1 - Funding Information: aDepartment of Evolution and Ecology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; bDepartment of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; cUniversity of California Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; dDNA Zoo and The Center for Genome Architecture, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030; eCenter for Genome Regulation, Universidad de Chile 3425 Santiago, Chile; fFacultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile 3425 Santiago, Chile; gDepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada; hLOEWE Centre of Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Senckenberg Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; iInstitute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig University 35392 Giessen, Germany; jGlobal Genome Biodiversity Network Secretariat, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560; kRevive & Restore, Sausalito, CA 94965; lSchool of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; mDepartment of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara 44121 Ferrara, Italy; nTree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom; oSchool of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University 710072 Xi’an, China; pThe Novim Group, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106; qSpacetime Ventures 05449-050 São Paulo, Brazil; rBiodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica 11529 Taipei, Taiwan; sBee Research Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705; tGlobal Genome Initiative, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560; uConservation Science, Species360 Conservation Science Alliance, Bloomington, MN 55425; vDepartment of Biology, University of Southern Denmark 5230 Odense M, Denmark; wDepartment of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Universitat de Barcelona 08028 Barcelona, Spain; xCatalan Society for Biology, Institute for Catalan Studies 08001 Barcelona, Spain; yDepartment of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Computational Biology Institute, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052; zDepartment of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052; aaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes 111711 Bogotá, Colombia; bbGenome British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 0C4, Canada; ccDepartment of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom; ddWellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom; eeUniProt, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SD, United Kingdom; ffDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; ggMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; hhLaboratory of the Neurogenetics of Language, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065; iiEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SD, United Kingdom; jjVertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065; kkHuman Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030; llGLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark; mmUniversity Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology 7491 Trondheim, Norway; nnDepartment of Health Policy and Management, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052; ooSchool of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; ppInstitute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia; qqStanford Law School, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; rrUS Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; ssDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; ttOffice of National Programs, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705; uuEarlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UZ, United Kingdom; vvGenome Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060; wwHHMI, Chevy Chase, MD 20815; xxAustralian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia; yyDepartment of Frontier Research and Development, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba 292-0818, Japan; zzDepartment of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway; aaaWalter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian Institution, Suitland, MD 20746; bbbCenter for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA 22630; cccCanada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4S6, Canada; dddBioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605; eeeBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142; fffRoyal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3AE, United Kingdom; gggDivision of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute 21990 Incheon, South Korea; hhhMuseum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012; iiiDepartment of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of Genetics 411-8540 Shizuoka, Japan; jjjLaboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research 650-0047 Hyogo, Japan; kkkDepartment of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602; lllState Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences 650223 Yunnan, China; mmmScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden; nnnBGI-Research, Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen 518083 Shenzhen, China; oooDepartment of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL 33004; pppGuy Harvey Oceanographic Center, Dania Beach, FL 33004; qqqInstitute of Evolutionary Biology, Pompeu Fabra University, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona 08003 Barcelona, Spain; rrrCatalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies 08010 Barcelona, Spain; sssCentre Nacional d'Anàlisi Genòmica, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08028 Barcelona, Spain; tttInstitut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Barcelona, Spain; uuuBioplatforms Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; vvvOne Health Institute, University of California Davis, CA 95616; wwwBerlin Center for Genomics in Biodiversity Research 14195 Berlin, Germany; xxxEvolutionary Genetics Department, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research 10315 Berlin, Germany; yyyMax Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics 01307 Dresden, Germany; zzzInstitute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269; aaaaDepartment of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269; bbbbDivision of Biotechnology, Korea University 02841 Seoul, Korea; ccccDepartment of Entomology, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801; ddddSystematics and Evolution of Vascular Plants Associated Unit to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; eeeeLaboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine, University Grenoble Alpes, University Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS 38000 Grenoble, France; ffffConservation Genetics, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, Escondido, CA 92027; ggggDivision of Biology, Department of Evolution, Behavior, and Ecology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039; hhhhDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; iiiiCentre of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; jjjjLa Kretz Center for California Conservation Science, Institute of Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024; kkkkDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; llllBiology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543; mmmmCollege of Law, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820; nnnnFlorida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; ooooBiodiversity Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; ppppJiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University 224002 Yancheng, China; qqqqCenter of Mycology and Microbiology, University of Tartu 50411 Tartu, Estonia; rrrrCollege of Science, King Saud University 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; ssssResearch and Collections, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA 90007; ttttBiological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089; uuuuDepartment of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708; vvvvDuke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708; wwwwVillum Center for Biodiversity Genomics, Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; and xxxxChina National Genebank, Beijing Genomics Institute 51803 Shenzhen, China

PY - 2022/1/25

Y1 - 2022/1/25

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85123657058&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1073/pnas.2115635118

DO - 10.1073/pnas.2115635118

M3 - Review article

C2 - 35042800

AN - SCOPUS:85123657058

SN - 0027-8424

VL - 119

JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

IS - 4

M1 - e2115635118

ER -

The Earth BioGenome Project 2020: Starting the clock

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