The role of equatorial waves in triggering precipitation extremes in the Maritime Continent

Beata Latos, Samantha Ferrett, Thierry Lefort, Adrian J. Matthews, Sandro W. Lubis, Natasha V. Senior, Philippe Peyrillé, Hanh Nguyen, Matthew C. Wheeler, Jeong-Yik Diong, Dariusz B. Baranowski, Maria K. Flatau, Piotr J. Flatau, Ida Pramuwardani, Fadhlil R. Muhammad, Donaldi S. Permana, Muhamad R. Ferdiansyah, Agie Wandala, Kiki, Idhan AbubakarTito Praditya, Eddy Hermawan, Jacek Piskozub

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Abstract

This review offers a comprehensive analysis of convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs) and their pivotal role in driving precipitation extremes across the Maritime Continent. It examines the current understanding of CCEWs, evaluates the performance of numerical models and forecasting techniques in predicting these phenomena, and pinpoints critical areas for improvement. The discussion centers on three key types of equatorial waves: equatorial Rossby waves, Kelvin waves, and mixed Rossby–gravity waves. By connecting scientific insights with practical forecasting applications, the review sheds light on the challenges of predicting these waves while identifying opportunities to advance both fundamental knowledge and forecasting accuracy. Designed as an educational resource, it targets operational forecasting centers, meteorologists, and researchers, aiming to enhance the prediction of extreme weather events in the region.
Original languageEnglish
JournalMonthly Weather Review
Publication statusAccepted/In press - 6 Jan 2026

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